用通風(fēng)辦法改進(jìn)車間的空氣環(huán)境，一方面在部分地址或整個車間把不符合衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的渾濁空氣排室外，另一方面，把新鮮空氣或通過凈化符合衛(wèi)生要求的空氣送入室內(nèi)。咱們把前者稱為排風(fēng)，把后者稱為進(jìn)風(fēng)。
The air environment of the workshop is improved by ventilation. On the one hand, the turbid air that does not conform to the hygienic standard is discharged to the outdoor in some address or the whole workshop. On the other hand, fresh air is sent to the indoor air by purifying the air which is in accordance with the hygienic requirements. We call the former the exhaust, and the latter is called the air intake.
部分排風(fēng)體系由以下幾部分組成：
Part of the exhaust system consists of the following parts:
（1）部分排風(fēng)罩
部分排風(fēng)罩是用來捕集有害物的。它的功能對部分排風(fēng)體系的技能經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)有直接影響。功能杰出的部分排風(fēng)罩，如密閉罩，只需較小的風(fēng)量就可以取得杰出的作業(yè)效果。因為出產(chǎn)設(shè)備和操作的不同，排風(fēng)罩的方式是多種多樣的。
(1) partial exhaust hood
Part of the exhaust hood is used to capture harmful things. Its function has a direct impact on the technical and economic indicators of some exhaust systems. Part of the exhaust hood with outstanding function, such as a closed hood, can achieve excellent results only with a smaller air volume. Because of the difference in production equipment and operation, the exhaust hood is varied.
?。?）風(fēng)管
通風(fēng)體系中運(yùn)送氣體的管道稱為風(fēng)管，它把體系中的各種設(shè)備或部件連成了一個全體。為了進(jìn)步體系的經(jīng)濟(jì)性，應(yīng)合理選定風(fēng)管中的氣體流速，管路應(yīng)力求短、直。風(fēng)管通常用外表潤滑的資料制造，如：薄鋼板、聚氯乙烯板，有時也用混凝土、磚等資料。
(2) wind pipe
A pipe conveying gas in a ventilation system is called an air duct, which connects all kinds of equipment or components in the system. In order to improve the economy of the system, the gas velocity in the duct should be selected reasonably, and the pipeline should be short and straight. Wind pipes are usually made of external lubrication data, such as thin steel plates, PVC plates, and sometimes concrete, brick and other materials.
?。?）除塵、凈化設(shè)備
為了避免大氣污染，當(dāng)排出空氣中有害物量超越排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時，必須用凈化設(shè)備處理，達(dá)到排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后，排人大氣。凈化設(shè)備分除塵器和有害氣體凈化設(shè)備兩類。
(3) dust removal and purification equipment
In order to avoid air pollution, when the amount of harmful substances discharged from the air exceeds the discharge standard, we must use the purification equipment to deal with it. Cleaning equipment is divided into two categories: dust collector and harmful gas purification equipment.
?。?）風(fēng)機(jī)
風(fēng)機(jī)向機(jī)械排風(fēng)體系捉供空氣活動的動力。為了避免風(fēng)機(jī)的磨損和腐蝕，通常把它放在凈化設(shè)備的后邊。
(4) fan
The power of the fan to catch the air activity to the mechanical exhaust system. In order to avoid wear and corrosion of fans, it is usually placed behind the purification equipment.
假如只對部分地址進(jìn)行排風(fēng)或送風(fēng)，即部分通風(fēng)；假如對整個車間進(jìn)行排風(fēng)或送風(fēng)，則為通風(fēng)。通常，按通風(fēng)體系的效果規(guī)模不同，可將通風(fēng)分為部分通風(fēng)、通風(fēng)和事端通風(fēng)。部分通風(fēng)體系又分為部分進(jìn)風(fēng)和部分排風(fēng)兩大類，它們都是使用部分氣流，使部分作業(yè)地址不受有害物的污染，形成杰出的空氣環(huán)境。
If only part of the address is draught or air supply, that is part of ventilation; if the whole workshop ventilation or air supply, it is a comprehensive ventilation. In general, ventilation can be divided into partial ventilation, full ventilation and event ventilation according to the scale of ventilation system. Part of the ventilation system is divided into two types of air intake and partial air exhaust. They all use part of the air flow to make the address of part of the work not polluted by harmful substances, forming an outstanding air environment.
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